The following pages are taken from the final part of the novel “The Ashkenazi Brothers” by Israel J. Singer, a Polish-Jewish author who lived between 1893 and 1944. It is a chapter dedicated to the Lviv pogrom of November 1918 by Polish legionnaires and Ukrainian civilians. We are at the end of the First World War, Germany has been defeated, the Russian Empire has fallen apart and Poland can finally assert itself as a nation. For this reason it contends with Ukraine for some territories.
From the self-determination of peoples to ultra-nationalist violence, however, the step is short, and the Jews, often experienced as a foreign body ensnared in the national body, are the first to pay the price, especially when looking for a scapegoat or wanting to vent repressed violence. This is how we move from nationalistic passion to anti-Semitic carnage.